Public Health Organization, Central Pollution Control...

SUBJECT: PHE5ENV ASSIGNMENT 3 LITERATURE REVIEW DATE: 6th March, 2015 NAME: SARAS SONI STUDENT ID: 18007333 MPH 2ND SEMESTER Email ID: 18007333@students.latrobe.edu.au STATEMENT OF COMPETING INTERESTS: Sources PubMed, Published Journals, Government Reports and Publications, World Health Organization, Central Pollution Control Board, World Bank Development Research Group, Centre for Atmospheric Sciences, Government Of India Ministry Of Environment Forests, Development Centre Working Papers, The Indian Journal of Chest Diseases Allied Sciences, PNAS, Independent organizations. Word Count: 2378 What are the primary air pollution problems in your community (select and describe a setting that you are most familiar with)? What are the major sources? Are they related to other environmental issues? How does the air pollution impact on public health? DELHI AIR POLLUTION: BREATHE AT YOUR OWN RISK!!! Public health refers to the science and art of preventing disease, promoting health, and prolonging life among the population as a whole. Its activities aim to provide conditions in which people can be healthy and focus on entire populations, not on individual patients or diseases (1). Our health is very much dependent on external environment in which we live, the air we breathe, water we drink or the food we eat and it should be free of contamination and pollution in order to live a healthy life. One of the biggest threats to the health of people in today’s world isShow MoreRelatedEnvironmental Impact Assessment For Trinidad And Tobago9855 Words   |  40 Pagesprincipally in English as the official language. Trinidad and Tobago is a parliamentary democracy with the Prime Minister elected as head of State and a bicameral legislative branch. In addition, Tobago has a unicameral House of Assembly. The CIA World Factbook emphasizes: Trinidad and Tobago attracts considerable foreign direct investment from international businesses, particularly in energy, and has one of the highest per capita incomes in Latin America. Economic growth between 2000 and 2007 averagedRead MoreDisaster Management Policies and Systems in Pakistan13687 Words   |  55 Pages1 ADB Asian Development Bank AJK Azad Jammu Kashmir DCO District Coordination Officer DERA Drought Emergency Relief Assistance DANIDA Danish International Development Assistance ECF Energy Conservation Fund EIA Environmental Impact Assessment ERC Emergency Relief Cell FATA Federally Administered Tribal Areas FFC Federal Flood Commission GDO Goods Dispatch Organization GoP Government of Pakistan HKH Hindu Kush – Himalayan LGO Local Government Ordinance MDGs Millenium Development Goals MF MicroRead MoreThe Role of Financial Institutions in the Economic Development of Bangladesh11088 Words   |  45 Pagesfinancial intermediaries. Most financial institutions are highly regulated by government. Broadly speaking, there are three major types of financial institutions: 1. Deposit-taking institutions that accept and manage deposits and make loans, including banks, building societies, credit unions, trust companies, and mortgage loan companies 2. Insurance companies and pension funds; and 3. Brokers, underwriters and investment funds. Function Financial institutions provide service as intermediaries ofRead MoreThe Environmental Problems in India6662 Words   |  27 PagesThe environmental problems in India are growing rapidly. The increasing economic development and a rapidly growing population that has taken the country from 300 million people in 1947 to more than one billion people today is putting a strain on the environment, infrastructure, and the country’s natural resources. Industrial pollution, soil erosion, deforestation, rapid industrialization,   urbanization, and land degradation are all worsening problems. Overexploitation of the countrys resources beRead MoreThailand Highways Management Project Essay6796 Words   |  28 PagesThailand Highways Management Project (P075173) Group 3 1. Praphop Anantakoon St101942 2. Lam Quynh Tho St102016 3. Phan Thanh Nga St102056 4. Trinh Thi Kim Phuong St102015 5. Nguyen Thuy Hang St102062 6. Probal Dutta St101941 SOM, May 2005 TABLE OF CONTENT I - INTRODUCTION: 3 1.The rationale of the study. 3 2.The Project Background. 3 2.1. TheRead MoreArguments for and Against Business Ethics,11007 Words   |  45 PagesSCHEME OF EXAMINATIONS FOR BBA (INDUSTRY INTEGRATED) PROGRAMME w.e.f. SESSION 2009-2010 (Under Public Private Parternership Scheme) FIRST YEAR 1st Semester Title of the Paper(s) Business Organization Business Communication Skills - Workshop Business Mathematics Computer Fundamentals and Applications Economic Policy and Analysis Financial Accounting Environment Management External Marks (Theory) 70 50 70 50 70 70 70 Internal Assessment Marks 30 50 30 30 30 30 Practical Marks 50 Total Marks 100 100Read MoreAn Assessment of the Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on Nigerian Society: the Examples of Banking and Communication Industries18990 Words   |  76 PagesUniversal Journal of Marketing and Business Research Vol. 1(1) pp. 017-043, May, 2012 Available online http://www.universalresearchjournals.org/ujmbr Copyright  © 2012 Transnational Research Journals Full Length Research Paper An assessment of the impact of corporate social responsibility on Nigerian society: The examples of banking and communication industries Adeyanju, Olanrewaju David Department of Financial Studies Redeemer’s University, km 46, Lagos Ibadan Expressway Mowe, Ogun StateRead MoreJhonson and Johnson Strategic Analysis Process11325 Words   |  46 PagesUnited States is decreasing meaning resources will be limited and there will be a much needed increase in cash flows for competitive advantage. GDP’s in others countries are increasing giving JNJ more opportunities to expand to more markets around the world to increase their market share and distribution. Currency | US Dollar Per Currency December 31st, 2008 | US Dollar Per Currency December 31st, 2009 | Trend | EUR | 1.392 | 1.4405 | 0.0485 | GBP | 1.462 | 1.6221 | 0.1601 | JPY | 0.011 | 0Read MoreEnvironmental Factors in Business5042 Words   |  21 Pagesenvironment includes the ‘climate’ or set of conditions: economic, social, political or institutional which have a direct or indirect bearing on the functioning of business It signifies external forces, factors and institutions that are beyond the control of the business and they affect the functioning of a business enterprise. ï  ½ Features ï  ½ Business environment is the sum total of all factors internal external to the business firm that greatly influence their functioning It covers factorsRead MoreEnvironmental Laws in Bangladesh9461 Words   |  38 Pagesnations of the world Bangladesh also acted to the global call for the protection and conservation of natural environment ecology. Industrial development significantly contributes towards economic growth of a country. It brings along with it a host of environmental problem too. It is increasingly being recognized in Bangladesh as in other part of the world that for development to be meaningful sustainable over a longer period environmental concern must be integrated into all development policies.

Fences by August Wilson - 883 Words

Fences, written by August Wilson, is a play about a man, named Troy, struggling to support his family during the late 1950’s. In this play, we see that Troy hurts the people closest to him. He has been uncaring towards his wife, Rose, his brother Gabriel and his son, Cory. This is because Troy had nothing to go on but the harsh example set by his father. In Fences, Troy has felt like he has been fenced in all of his life, which causes him to fence others in. Troy has felt fenced in all of his life for several reasons. First, he had to deal with a cruel and abusive father. Troy tells us a story from when he was fourteen, â€Å"My daddy was looking for me. We down there by the creek enjoying ourselves when my daddy come up on us. Surprised us. He had them leather straps off the mule and commenced to whupping on me . . . quite naturally I run to get out of the way†(52). After the beating, Troy’s father also raped the girl that Troy deeply cared for. Troy was afraid of his father until that moment. However, at that moment, Troy believes he became a man. Troy said, â€Å"I picked up them same reins that he used on me. I picked up them same reins and commenced to whupping on him†(52). The abuse of his father caused Roy to become a responsible, independent man. After Roy stood up for himself, he left home and went to the city. Roy also felt fenced in in the city. Colored people couldn’t get a job or find a place to l ive. Roy ended up living in shacks made up of sticks and tarpaper under aShow MoreRelatedFences : Fences By August Wilson1541 Words   |  7 PagesName: Alejandro Ahmed Date: 12/6/16 Unit: American Drama Title: Fences Author: August Wilson Year of Publication: 1986 Fences Study Guide Descriptive i. Overview: â€Å"Fences†, was a play written by August Wilson in 1986. The play communicates the story of the son of an unsuccessful sharecropper, Troy Maxson, who has lived most of his life independently due to his father’s abuse during his childhood. The play focuses on Troy’s interactions and conflicts with other characters, and the complicated relationshipsRead MoreFences by August Wilson791 Words   |  3 Pageshave built fences to keep enemies out and keep those they want to protect inside. In society today, people create metaphorical fences in order to fence in their feelings, while others create literal fences in order to keep the unwanted away. In the play Fences, the Maxon family lives in 1950’s America whose love for sports and one another are questioned at times when they need to be together the most. In the play Fences by August Wilson, two main characters Troy and Cory Maxon build a fence, literallyRead MoreFences, By August Wilson1104 Wor ds   |  5 PagesAfrican-Americans during the middle of the twentieth century were treated differently than those of the white population. Fences, a play by August Wilson, demonstrates the frustration of white dominance during a time when African-Americans were secluded from society. The Maxson family are the main characters of the play, showing the life they lived in their black tenement in Pittsburg in the 1950s. The setting demonstrates the drama of their struggle, frustration, rebellion, and the predicamentsRead MoreAugust Wilson Fences984 Words   |  4 Pagesbecause in order to get what you want you have to fight for it. Two literary works that reflect this quote are Fences, a play about the struggles of African American before and during the Civil Rights Era in the 1950s and 60s, by August Wilson and â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† a short story that shows the difference between women and men during that time, by Charlotte Perkins Gilman. ‘Fences’ shows th e revolution the characters face, their actions and what is the result of those choices. Whereas, ‘TheRead MoreThe Fences By August Wilson1813 Words   |  8 PagesIn the Fences, by August Wilson shows that life of African Americans in the U.S. in the 1950s with the story of Troy and his family. Wilson uses the symbol of the fence to show the desires of each character like Rose’s desire is to keep her family together, Troy’s desire is to keep death out and to be not bound forever, and Bono’s desire is to follow Troy, his best friend, as an example of the right way to live and to be with Rose and Troy who are basically his family. Rose and the other seen charactersRead MoreFences, By August Wilson807 Words   |  4 PagesFences â€Å"Some people build fences to keep people out...and other people build fences to keep people in† (61). In the play, Fences, by August Wilson who displays how fences symbolize different situations to represent different characters. The story takes place in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania in the 1950’s, and in the play fences gives an outlook of providing an obstacle or barrier that is intended to keep something out or in. It shows through the protagonist character, named Troy Maxson and his wifeRead MoreFences, By August Wilson895 Words   |  4 PagesFences written by August Wilson is an award winning drama that depicts an African-America family who lives in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania during the 1950’s. During this time, the Mason’s reveal the struggles working as a garbage man, providing for his family and excepting life as is. The end of segregation began, more opportunities for African American people were accessible. Troy, who’s the father the Co ry and husband of Rose has shoes fill as a working African America man. He is the family breadwinnerRead MoreFences, August Wilson1835 Words   |  8 PagesAs illustrative of the kind of analysis I would bring to Fences, by August Wilson, if my bid to direct is successful, O prose to take direction for a part of Act 1, Scene 3 of the play. This will include possible blocking, camera work, music, and what the actor should be feeling and experiencing while acting the part. I will examine how crucial it is that the actors portray their characters effectively, and I will offer commentary to assure just that. On the basis of these findings I will determineRead MoreSymbolism In Fences By August Wilson1460 Words   |  6 PagesKeep Love in or Lock it Out?: An Analysis of Symbolism in Fences Symbolism is defined as an artistic and poetic movement or style using symbolic images and indirect suggestion to express mystical ideas, emotions, and states of mind. In Fences by August Wilson, symbolism is used heavily throughout the play in order to represent deeper meanings and add to the emotion of the storyline. In order for the play to have so much depth and emotion, symbolism is crucial to the work itself and the heavy topicsRead MoreFences by August Wilson1495 Words   |  6 PagesGrowing up, most parents want what is best for their children with the hope that they will lead a better life than the one they had. On the surface, this does not seem to be the case in the relationship between Troy and Cory in August Wilson’s Fences. Troy was a hardworking man who did all he can to provide for his family. Cory worked equally as hard in his athletic career. Troy made a decision to end Cory’s football career out of protection but Cory viewed it as his father’ s jealousy. Troy’s rough

Mentoring to Retain Nursing Staff Free Essays

The purpose of the study aims to investigate the results of the education-based preceptor program of a community hospital intended to address the declining retention rate of nursing staff in the hospital. The implementation of the program is supported by the perceptions of newly graduated nurses that they still need mentoring even after undergoing orientation. Retention rate should increase through the program. We will write a custom essay sample on Mentoring to Retain Nursing Staff or any similar topic only for you Order Now The study employed convenience sampling by considering as respondents, the 40 newly graduated nurses of the community hospital. The research design is a combination of qualitative and quantitative approaches. Data collection is through a survey guided by a questionnaire made up of closed and open ended questions and visual analogue scales. To ensure validity, all the respondents were informed about how the visual analogue scales work. Reliability was achieved by using standard visual analogue scales and variables supported by literature. Results showed that after undergoing the program, there was an increase in retention rate by 29 percent and a decrease in vacancy rate by 9.5 percent. The primary strength of the study is the combination of qualitative and quantitative approaches to derive rich data. Its major weakness is the use of convenience sampling, which means that the results reflect the situation of the respondents but this may not be subject to generalizations. Masny, A., Ropka, M., Peterson, C., Fetzer, D., Daly, M. (2008). Mentoring nurses in familial cancer risk assessment and counseling: Lessons learned from a formative evaluation. Journal of Genetic Counseling, 17(2), 196-207. The study sought to explore the mentoring of nurses to take on the counselling of individuals wanting to learn information on cancer risk in the community. The need to train nurses for this work is because of the rise in community-based activities of the health care institution. The research looked into the results of the 5-day training of nurses on assessment and counseling of cancer risk together with long-distance mentorship to facilitate continuing skills development. Initially, selection of the respondents applied convenience sampling by considering the nurses who completed the training as respondents. The 40 nurses were then randomly assigned to their counterpart in the long-distance mentoring and the scheduling of the mentorship as either immediate or delayed. The study employed the quantitative approach. The data collection instrument is a formative sampling that covers the various aspects of the program. Reliability is ensured by using an instrument already tested by previous studies. Results showed appreciation for mentoring with improved efficacy after 6 months and continuation of the mentoring program to support continuous community-based work. The main strengths of the study are the long period of data gathering that ensured observation of results and use of formative evaluation, which is an accepted measurement tool. The weakness is the focus on quantitative data that could have provided insights from the perspectives of the nurses. Latham, C., Hogan, M., Ringl, K. (2008). Nurses supporting nurses creating a mentoring program for staff nurses to improve the workforce environment. Nursing Administration Quarterly, 32(1), 27–39. The study sought to determine the impact of mentoring in improving work environment of nurses and patient outcomes based on the underlying recognition that a good work environment supports nursing staff retention. Through a mentoring program, workplace issues such as lack of communication and collaboration are addressed. The mentoring relationship involves a 3-year partnership involving the staff of two hospitals. Research participants were determined through purposive sampling by seeking out the nurses engaged in the mentoring programs of the two hospitals. The research approach is qualitative by considering observations of results and outcomes and comparing these with previous base data. Data collection method is observation and document analysis to support the comparative study. Validity is achieved by considering variables that determine the expected outcomes. Results showed that the mentoring program developed mutual respect and reinforced the support culture in both hospitals. This means higher retention rate. The strength of the study is the consideration of data on long-term results and focus on outcomes. The weakness of the study is reliability since observation data could vary when replicated. Wagner, L., Seymour, M. (2007). A model of caring mentorship for nursing. Journal of Nurses in Staff Development, 23(5), 201-211. The study sought to investigate the relationship between mentoring and the personal and professional growth of nurses. This is based on the recognition that health levels of personal and professional growth of nurses supports higher rates of retention. The paper reports on the results of a mentoring program conducted in the form of a workshop involving student nurses and professional nurses. Participants were selected through convenience sampling depending on the nursing students and nurses that signed up for the seminar. The study employed the qualitative approach as a research design because the intention is to derive accounts of the experiences of the mentoring seminar participants. The data collection instrument is focus group interview and individual interviews. Reliability is achieved by taking the personal accounts of the participants and validity is ensured by using questions intended to draw the experiences of the participants on the aspects of personal and professional growth with implications on retention. Results showed that personal and professional growth occurred for both student nurses and practicing nurses. This supports higher entry and retention rate of nurses. The strength of the study is the derivation of rich and in-depth data to support conclusions while the weakness of the study is the short period of data collection that limited data collected on outcomes. Â   Â   Â   Â   Â   How to cite Mentoring to Retain Nursing Staff, Essay examples

Essay On Symbolism In The Great Gatsby Example For Students

Essay On Symbolism In The Great Gatsby Symbolism in The Great GatsbyF. Scott Fitzgerald, author of The Great Gatsby, uses symbolism throughout the novel to create the characters and events of the post World War I period. Colors are one way symbolism was used to develop the characters personalities and set up events. This is shown by colors like the green at the end of Daisy Buchannans dock, the color of Jay Gatsbys car and how Myrtle and Jordan surrounded themselves by white. Other symbolisms used to set up events are the difference in the people of the West Egg and East Egg and the sign in the valley of ashes. Daisy Buchanan has a green light at the end of her of dock on the other side of the bay from Jay Gatsbys house. The green light represents Jays money, jealousy, and the go ahead for Jay Gatsby to get Daisy back from Tom no matter what it takes.. Gatsby stretched his arms towards the dark water in a curious way, and as far as I was from him I could have sworn he was trembling. Involuntarily I glanced seaward-and dis tinguished nothing except a single green light, minute and far away, that might have been the end of the dock (p25-26). Jay Gatsby thinks that money will make his former lover come back to him. Every one that attends the party is very envious of Jay Gatsbys money. Gatsby is very jealous of Tom because he is married to Daisy. Countryman 2Gatsby bought a gold car to show of his great wealth. He wanted Daisy to see the car, know he had become wealthy, and was now the man she wanted him to be. It was a yellow car, he said(p147) Daisy and Jordan wore the color white through out the novel. They were both in white and their dresses were rippling and fluttering as if they had just been blow back in after a short flight around the house (p12). Daisy is often surrounded by white or is wearing white, which would indicate that she pure, but in fact, she is not innocent at all. Jordan Baker who is also characterized with the color white is portrayed as being angelic childlike, when she really wa s very dishonest. The East Egg and West Egg are symbolic of the effects of wealth and the corruption of values. The West Egg is the home of the newly rich, like Gatsby, and those like him who have made huge fortunes, but lack the traditions associated with old wealthy families. The West Egg made up of families like the Buchanans, have a tradition of money, have grown up with money and have never had to work for anythingThe character Myrtle showed symbolism by wearing plain and dull clothes at home with her husband George, but when she knew she would be around Tom, she would change into clothes with bright colors. She did this to try to fool herself in to thinking that she was not a poor girl from the suburbs, and tried to fool Tom into thinking that she was exotic and would fit into a rich life style. Some times when she would put on these clothes, her whole attitude would change. Myrtle would go from being a nice lady to a snob.

Macroeconomics and Reality

Steven Jobs Example

Steven Jobs Example Steven Jobs – Coursework Example I have chosen Steven Jobs because he inspires me a lot. He steered Apple to become one of the most widely recognised brand in as far as information and communication technology is concerned. Apple offers unique and state-of-the-art communication devices that can be hardly matched in the market. I also admire Steve Jobs because he was intelligent and he was very innovative in as far as designing and development of communication devices are concerned. For instance, gadgets such as iPod, iPad as well as iPhone among other products are unique and they can be hardly matched in the market by any other product in the same category. Jobs is renowned for his outstanding creativity and innovation. Essentially, customers like unique products and this why I admire jobs because he was excellent in this category. Jobs co-founded Apple computers with Steve Wozniack and they revolutionized computer technology through their invention such as Mac computers. These gadgets were different from other comp uters offered in the market and they marked a turning point in the history of computer industry. â€Å"Under Jobs’ guidance, the company pioneered a series of revolutionary technologies, including the iPhone and iPad,† (Steve Jobs). These devices have their own operating systems and software that can be hardly imitated by the other competitors. This has made the products unique and they have also helped the company to gain competitive advantage. About half of Apple’s revenue comes from iPod and iTune sales and the company was ranked No. 1 on Fortune magazine’s list of â€Å"America’s Most Admired Companies,† as well as No.1 among Fortune 500 companies for returns to shareholders (Steve Jobs). This speaks volumes about the company’s popularity and uniqueness. Works cited â€Å"Steve Jobs.† Bio. A & E Television Networks. . 2015. Web. 28 January 2015.

Economic Growth Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Economic Growth - Assignment Example There are various driving forces contributing to an economic growth, namely, improvement in technology and productivity, increases in the levels of economic activity, efficient Human resource management, greater access to capital resources, etc. Economic growth is essential because it drives the country towards improved standards of living as well as enables it to be in the lead in today’s competitive environment in the international market. (Term, â€Å"Economic Growth† from Investopedia) Aggregate Demand is defined by the demand of goods and services that will remain constant at any price level of such goods and services. The Aggregate Supply-Aggregate Demand Model is a macroeconomic model. This model is basically used to facilitate the analysis and evaluation of the factors that have an impact on the level of Real Gross Domestic Product (i.e. GDP adjusted for inflation) and the level of inflation. This model works on the quantity of output of an entire economy also known as the national production of a country. Below is a pictorial representation of this model: The Real GDP as shown in the above figure represents the quantity of output of the economy. The equilibrium of the Real GDP is reached at the point where the Aggregate Supply (AS) Curve interacts with the Aggregate Demand (AD) Curve. Furthermore, this equilibrium also determines the national inflation rate. The negative slope of the Aggregate Demand (AD) Curve is as a result of the fact that the purchasing power of a buyer will increase with the reduction in prices at any given level of nominal income. While studying the Aggregate Supply (AS) Curve it can be identified that initially it is nearly flat and is then followed by a sharp vertical turn. The flat curve is an indication of the absence of inflation in that period whereas in the latter portion of the curve the case is vice-versa. The

Economic Policy Recommendation Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Economic Policy Recommendation - Term Paper Example Frictional unemployment is regarded as the easiest type of employment. It takes workers to shift from one job to another since some workers lose their jobs before they have other jobs lined up. This period of unemployment lasts for a short period and is not problematic from an economist’s point of view. Cyclical unemployment is the type that occurs during periods of recession or depression and the rates lowers during periods of high economic growth. During recessions, the demand for goods and services in a given economy falls. Companies react by laying off some workers and cutting production instead of reducing wages and prices. Unemployment therefore results since there are more workers in the economy than the available jobs. Economists put focus on the root causes of the economic downturns that result in this problem (John 2010).Structural unemployment occurs when the labour market has more workers than the available jobs. This kind of unemployment also results when workers possess skills that are not in high demand in the market place, and lack those that are in demand. Structural unemployment is significant since it is long term as the employers’ requirements and workers’ skills don’t match. Seasonal unemployment is another type that occurs in fields where worker demands vary widely over the course of the year. It is regarded as less problematic compared to structural unemployment since it is short term.Unemployment does not only affect the unemployed person but the society in general. It forces people to live in a way they do not wish, bringing unhappiness, despair and anguish. Unemployment is related to mental health problems such as depression, low self esteem and feeling unworthy. Ill health may also result from malnutrition, drug addiction, poor prenatal care which occurs in cases of unemployment. Many studies link unemployment to family disruption. Tension increases at home due to the quarrels and argument which is reflecte d in the increase in divorces. Unemployment is associated with increase in crime and violence in the society (Hall, 2005). The unemployed people are faced with financial insecurity which results in poverty and indebtedness. Other social problems that results from unemployment include homelessness, ethnic antagonism and school dropouts. Unemployment worsens an individual’s situation since the longer a person is out of job, the more difficult it is to secure one. Employment gap is a negative aspect as no one is willing to employ a person who has been out of job for long. Long period of unemployment causes a potential worker to lose skills. The living standards of unemployed persons are low. Due to job competition, even the salaries of employed persons are reduced which lowers their living standards as well. Unemployment can result into political instability

The Positive and Negative of pay for Performance Essay

The Positive and Negative of pay for Performance - Essay Example Nowadays, the utilization of this scheme is widely used not just in the United States but all over the world as documented by the Harvard Business School. While others have strongly supported the view that performance based compensation will promote efficiency and satisfaction in the business organization, some empirical experiments failed to display its significance. In line with this, this report will look at the pros and cons of pay for performance. This paper will apply pay for performance both for employees work on their own and those working within a team. Pay for performance is based on the premise that money is a motivational factor. This premise assumes that in order for individuals to work harder, monetary incentives should always be present. Pay for performance is a system which directly links money to higher and more efficient performance. According to Pinto, performance based is the best from of compensation in this knowledge-based business environment. He argues that the â€Å"old archaic systems and processes of lax reviews and annual automatic pay increases across the board†¦ results in increasing jeopardy for employees whose pay has escalated over the years to a level that simply cannot compete in the modern global environment† (Pinto 6). This is supported by empirical results the most famous of which is the GE experience. It should be noted that Jack Welch significantly improved the performance as GE as the entire workforce â€Å"shaped up as nobody wanted to be at the bottom† (5). In some situations, money can function as a primary motivator in the case of workforce in the developing countries. An increase in their salary almost always motivates to work harder to finance their families’ expenditures. Performance-based compensation is also favored because of its relative simplicity. This system is regarded to give immediate and meaningful feedbacks. Also,

The General Electric Mckinsey Matrix Marketing Essay

The General Electric Mckinsey Matrix Marketing Essay In 1890, Thomas Edison established his own company and named as Edison General Electric Company by bringing his different businesses together. Two years later, Edison General Electric Company incorporated with Thomson-Houston Company and, then they named the new organization as General Electric Company. The new organization the General Electric Company is a diversified technology and financial services company. General Electric Company has different type of products and services. They main product and service is householder appliances and General Electric Company is one of the largest manufacturers of major appliances in the world. Besides that, General Electric Company also has other different type of products and services such as aviation, consumer electronics, customer training, electrical distribution, energy, finance-business, healthcare, lighting, oil gas, rail, software services, water, and other. In the early 1890s, the first General Electric appliances electric fans were produced, and a full line of heating and cooking devices were developed in the year 1907. A few years later, General Electric Company developed the first airplane engine booster for the fledgling U.S. aviation industry. Besides that, the plastic filaments for light bulbs were created in 1930, and led to the first General Electric Plastics department. Through the years, General Electrics leaders have built a portfolio for the diversity of management and leading businesses. Thats made the General Electric Company become a most success company that drives growth and reduces the production costs; increase financial strength and Controllership that allow it to capitalize on opportunities through numerous cycles. And, they have a set of common values that allows it to face any environment or situation with confidence. In 1971, the General Electric Company with the helped from McKinsey developed a General Electric/McKinsey Matrix. General Electric/McKinsey Matrix In 1971, the General Electric Company with the help of McKinsey developed the General Electric/McKinsey Matrix. And, General Electric Company used it to measure or decides whether they still need to invest, retain, or divest on their business unit. From internet, The GE matrix/McKinsey matrix is a model to perform a business portfolio analysis on the Strategic Business Units (SBU) of a parent company. Besides that, this matrix is measure the business unit through the business units attractiveness and business strength. When the business units attractiveness and strength is high, the company should keep invest for gain more profit. On the other hand, when the business units attractiveness and strength is medium, the company should retain or selectively invest. But, when the business units attractiveness and strength is low, it is the time for the company to exit that business unit or stop invests in that business unit. The aim of this portfolio analysis is: Analyze its current business portfolio and decide which Strategic Business Unit (SBU)s should receive more or less investment. Develop growth strategies for adding new products and business to the portfolio. Decide which business or products should no longer be retained. Literature review Nowadays, General Electric can be more successful. If should related to the McKinsey and Company consulting firm. Because General Electric Company get the help from McKinsey and Company consulting firm, and developed a more complicated matrix (Figure 2.1). Through the internet research, the General Electric Company used GE matrix/McKinsey matrix as their planning system for management of diversity. From my general knowledge about the GE matrix/McKinsey matrix, it is a strategic that will separate from the mother company into many small business units and determine which business unit should invest more, retain, or divest. From Strategic Management: theory and case study, by Tunchalong Rungwitoo, the General Electric / McKinsey Matrix, is a nine cell matrix from two dimensions, which is industry attractiveness and business strength. For the use of General Electric/McKinsey Matrix, they use the GE matrix/McKinsey matrix to identify whether the small business units should invest, retain, or divest. Besides that, it also can fits perfectly to the companys strengths and helps to exploit the most attractive industries or markets. Besides that, General Electric Company can see the status of their business units and suggest the strategy the business fell in which categories through the General Electric/McKinsey Matrix (Figure 2.2). The vertical axis of the General Electric/McKinsey matrix is industry attractiveness, which is determined by the factors such as market growth rate, market size, demand variability, industry profitability, industry rivalry, global opportunities, and others. And, the horizontal axis of the General Electric/McKinsey matrix is the strength of the business unit. Some factors that can be used to determine business unit strength include: market share, growth in market share, brand equity, distribution channel access, production capacity, and profit margins relative to competitors. From International Journal of Humanities and Social science, the General Electric/McKinsey Matrix requires the identification and assessment of both external and internal factors, which are industry attractiveness and business strength on a nine-cell grid. To grow, to hold, or to harvest are the categories used to classify both attractiveness and strength (Figure 2.2). When that is high attractiveness and high business strength (Leader), the company should seek dominance and maximize investment. When that is medium attractiveness and medium business strength (Proceed with care), the company should specialize and invest selectively. And, when that is low attractiveness and low business strength (Withdrawal), the company should attack rivals and time exit. Data analysis After the research, General Electric/McKinsey Matrix had seen more effective and useful for the companys strategies business units (SBU). Because it will look at the industry attractiveness and business strength for every companys business units, and make sure every business unit will get profit. For example, the industry attractiveness, which will determined the companys business units market growth rate, market size, demand variability, and others. After that, this matrix also looks at the business unit strength such as market share, growth in market share, brand equity, production capacity, and others. Then, they will use the business attractiveness and strength to determine whether they still need to invest, retain, or divest for that business unit. References for history: Profile: General Electric Co (GE.N). (n.d.). Retrieved October 29, 2012, from http://in.reuters.com/finance/stocks/companyProfile?symbol=GE.N Thomas Edison GE. (2012). Retrieved October 29, 2012, from http://www.ge.com/company/history/edison.html Products Services. (2012). Retrieved October 29, 2012, from http://www.ge.com/products_services/index.html http://dl.wecouncil.com/Serf/SerfWeb/User1/GE%20Matrix.pdf McKinsey matrix-GE matrix. (2012). Retrieved November 9, 2012, from http://www.valuebasedmanagement.net/methods_ge_mckinsey.html Samuel Obino Mokaya, Beatrice Wakhungu, Raphael Mwiti Gikunda. (2012). The Application of McKinsey Matrix in Determination of Route Attractiveness and Resource Allocation in Kenya Airways. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, Vol.2 No.3, pp. 259-261. http://www.ijhssnet.com/journals/Vol_2_No_3_February_2012/35.pdf GE/McKinsey Matrix. (2010). Retrieved November 10, 2012, from http://www.quickmba.com/strategy/matrix/ge-mckinsey/ Tunchalong Rungwitoo, Strategic Management: Theory and Case Study, May 2012, pp. 28-33. Appendices: Definition of General Electric (Print screen) The aim of portfolio analysis (Print screen) The vertical and horizontal axis of General Electric/McKinsey matrix (Print screen) Business strength High Medium Low Industry attractiveness High Medium Low Figure 2.1-General Electric/McKinsey Matrix Business strength High Medium Low Industry attractiveness High Seek dominance Maximize investment (Leader) Identify Growth area Invest in growth (Try harder) Maintain position Seek cash position (Cash generation) Medium Identify weaknesses Build on strengths (Growth) Specialize Invest selectively (Proceed with care) Pure lines Minimize investment (Phased withdrawal) Low Specialize niche Seek acquisition (Improve or quit) Specialize niche Consider exit (Phased withdrawal) Attack Rivals Time exit (Withdrawal) Figure 2.2-General Electric/McKinsey Matrix (1971)

Away :: essays research papers

Away by Jane Urquhart is a complex novel that mixes romance, politics and family all in to one flowing story. It follows the lives of many different characters, but it is told through the memories of a woman named Esther. Esther attempts to sort through her great-grandmother's past, and her entire family's history. Away is a compelling novel that capture's the reader's attention in the first few pages. The beginning of the novel introduces the reader to Esther O'Malley Robertson as the last of a family of extreme women. She is sitting in her home, remembering a story that her grandmother told her a long time ago. Esther is the first character that the reader is introduced to, but we do not really understand who she is until the end of the story. Esther's main struggle is dealing with her home on Loughbreeze Beach being torn down, and trying to figure out the mysteries of her family's past. Mary is the next character that is introduced to the reader, and she is a very large part of the story. One day while Mary is at the beach a body washes up on the shore with many cabbages, kettles, and barrels of whiskey. She drags the body to the shore where she lies in the man's arms until he dies. This man was believed to have been from an "other world" and this had a big effect on Mary. She falls in love with this sailor, even though he is dead, and it casts a sort of spell on her. Mary is known to the rest of the village as "away" which means she is enchanted by this other world, the world of the sea. She felt as though her spirit were not in her humanly body anymore, and did not even consider herself Mary anymore. The spirits of the lake had given her a new name, Moira, and that is what she preferred to call herself. The villagers had no hope for, except for Father Quinn. As the priest on the island, Father Quinn feels he must bring Mary back to reality, but he finds it nearly impossible. He turns to his friend, Brian, who ends up convincing Mary to marry him. They have one child, Liam, and as famine and depression hit the island they live on, they are given the opportunity of a lifetime.